There are various candidate particles for dark matter, including wimps, MACHOs, and axions. Discovering what dark matter is could potentially break the standard model of particle physics and lead to a deeper understanding of the universe.

However, some scientists propose an alternative hypothesis called modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND), which suggests that our current models of gravity may be incomplete and need modification to explain the movement of galaxies.

The debate between dark matter and MOND has been ongoing, with evidence supporting the existence of dark matter, such as the bullet cluster, where the visible matter and gravity seemed to separate during a collision.

The relic galaxy NGC 1277, which has not interacted with other galaxies throughout its existence, has been found to be 'dark matter deficient.' Spectrographic analysis revealed that the galaxy contains less than 5% dark matter, whereas it should have 15-60% depending on its distance from the center.

This discovery provides further evidence for the existence of dark matter and challenges the MOND hypothesis, which suggests modified physical laws instead of the presence of dark matter.

The ongoing debate between dark matter and MOND will likely continue until scientists can determine the true nature of dark matter.

The detection of a galaxy deficient in dark matter raises questions about the universality of physical laws and the composition of galaxies.

Further research and observations, such as the analysis of carbon-rich dust grains in the early universe by NASA's James Webb Space Telescope, will contribute to refining models and expanding our knowledge of cosmic dust and its significance.